Gemstone ID - 785 nm

A01

Species : Almandite Garnet
Chemical Formula : Fe3Al2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.76 ~ 1.83 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、502、 557、 637、 859、 915、 1045(cm-1)

A02 - a

Species : Amber
Chemical Formula : Fossil Resin
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: None
Hardness:2 ~ 2.5 S.G.:1.08
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Amorphous
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
Sample-dependant fluorescence

A02 - b

Species : Amber+Epoxy
Chemical Formula : Fossil Resin
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: None
Hardness:2 ~ 2.5 S.G.:1.08
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Amorphous
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
Sample-dependant fluorescence

A02 - c

A03 - a

Species : Andalusite
Chemical Formula : Al2SiO5
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.13 ~ 3.16
Cleavage: Prismatic
R.I.: 1.63 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven to Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
289、319、357、919 (cm-1)

A03 - b

A03 - c

A04 - a

Species : Andradite Garnet
Chemical Formula : Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.85
R.I.: 1.85 ~ 1.89 D.R.: None
Cleavage: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
351、368、514、815、840、874 (cm-1)

A04 - b

Species : Andradite Garnet
Chemical Formula : Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.85
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.85 ~ 1.89 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
351、368、514、815、840、874 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A01 - a

Species : Almandine Garnet
Chemical Formula :     Fe3Al2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.76 ~ 1.83     D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353,502, 557,637, 859, 915, 1045(cm-1)

A01 - b

Species : Almandine Garnet
Chemical Formula : Fe3Al2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.76 ~ 1.83 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、502、 557、 637、 859、 915、 1045(cm-1)

A01 - c

Species : Almandine Garnet
Chemical Formula : Fe3Al2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.76 ~ 1.83 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、502、 557、 637、 859、 915、1045 (cm-1)

A03 - a

A03 - b

A04 - a

A04 - b

B01 - a

Species : Actinolite
Chemical Formula : Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5 ~ 6 S.G.:3.0 ~ 3.44
Cleavage: Good
R.I.: 1.61 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 0.053
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
365、387、670、928、1028、1055(cm-1)

B01 - b

B04 - a

Species : Amblygonite
Chemical Formula : (Li, Na)AlPO4(F,OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Phosphate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6 S.G.:3.08
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.57 ~ 1.60 D.R.: 0.026
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
298、425、600、627、644、 1010、1045
、1057 (cm-1)

B04 - b

B05 - a

Species : Apatite
Chemical Formula : Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Phosphate
Hardness:5 S.G.:3.1 ~ 3.2
Cleavage: Poor
R.I.: 1.63 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.003
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
430、580、960、1050 (cm-1)

B05 - b

B05 - c

B05 - d

B06 - a

Species : Apophyllite
Chemical Formula : KCa4Si8O20(F,OH)‧8H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5 S.G.:4.6 ~ 4.7
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.54 D.R.: 0.002
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
430、487、538、583、1061 (cm-1)

B06 - b

B07 - a

Species : Aragonite
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:2.95
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.53 ~ 1.68 D.R.: 0.155
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
271、702、1085 (cm-1)

B07 - b

B07 - c

B08

Species : Axinite
Chemical Formula : Ca2(Fe2+,Mn2+)Al2BSi4O15(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 7 S.G.:3.2 ~ 3.4
Cleavage: Good
R.I.: 1.67 ~ 1.70 D.R.: 0.011
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
275、306、319、344、392、419、677、714、963、977 (cm-1)

B09 - a

Species : Azurite
Chemical Formula : Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:3.77 ~ 3.78
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.73 ~ 1.84 D.R.: 0.110
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
250、284、331、403、765、1095 (cm-1)

B09 - b

Species : Azurite
Chemical Formula : Cu2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:6.14
Cleavage: Poor Octahedral
R.I.: 2.849 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
418、484、638、1070、1168 (cm-1)

C01

Species : Albite
Chemical Formula : NaAlSi3O8
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:2.60 ~ 2.63
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
288、326、412、456、477、506、763、815、1099 (cm-1)

C02 - a

Species : Anatase
Chemical Formula : TiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6 S.G.:3.82 ~ 3.97
Cleavage: Perfect Basal
R.I.: 2.49 ~ 2.56 D.R.: 0.073
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
394、513、636 (cm-1)

C02 - b

C03

Species : Anglesite
Chemical Formula : PbSO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfate
Hardness:2.5 ~ 3 S.G.:6.3 ~ 6.4
Cleavage: FAIR Basal
R.I.: 1.87 ~ 1.89 D.R.: 0.017
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
438、448、977、1157 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 785 nm

A06 - a

Species : Beryl
Chemical Formula : Be3Al2Si6O18
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 8 S.G.:2.6 ~ 2.9
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.58 ~ 1.59 D.R.: 0.008
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
322、395、684、1068 (cm-1)

A06 - b

A06 - c

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A06 - a

A06 - b

A06 - c

B10 - a

Species : Barite (Baryte)
Chemical Formula : BaSO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfate
Hardness:3 ~ 3.5 S.G.:4.5
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.63 ~ 1.65 D.R.: 0.012
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
450、615、645、987、1138、1295 (cm-1)

B10 - b

B11- a

Species : Benitoite
Chemical Formula : BaTiSi3O9
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:3.64 ~ 3.68
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.76 ~ 1.80 D.R.: 0.047
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
263、345、368、394、533、573、 914、928、934、949 (cm-1)

B11 - b

B13 - a

Species : Brazilianite
Chemical Formula : NaAl2(PO4)2(OH)4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Phosphate
Hardness:5.5 S.G.:3
Cleavage: Good
R.I.: 1.60 ~ 1.62 D.R.: 0.027
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
279、315、357、411、532、560、600、988、1019、1168 (cm-1)

B13 - b

C04

Species : Brookite
Chemical Formula : TiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6 S.G.:4.1 ~ 4.2
Cleavage: Poor
R.I.: 2.58 ~ 2.70 D.R.: 0.117
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
317、411、500、542、637 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 785nm

A07

Species : Calcite
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 S.G.:2.71
Cleavage: Rhombic
R.I.: 1.48 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 0.172
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
280、712、1086 (cm-1)

A08 - a

Species : Chalcedony
Chemical Formula : SiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.53 ~ 1.54 D.R.: 0.004
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、392、464 (cm-1)
Comment:
Characteristic spectra of quartz

A08 - b

Gemstone ID - 532nm

A07 - a

A07 - b

A07 -c

A08

A09

Species : Chrysoberyl
Chemical Formula : BeAl2O4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:8.5 S.G.:3.7 ~ 3.8
Cleavage: Prismatic
R.I.: 1.74 ~ 1.75 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
351、372、422、436、461、479、520、549
、641、780、934 (cm-1)

A10

Species : Coral (Calcareous)
Chemical Formula : CaCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.49 ~ 1.66 D.R.: 2.68
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: None
Spectral Characteristics:
280、713、1088、1131、1518 (cm-1)

A12

Species : Corundum(Ruby、Sapphire)
Chemical Formula : Al2O3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:9 S.G.:4.0 ~ 4.1
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.76 ~ 1.77 D.R.: 0.008
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
376、415、575、643、749 (cm-1)

A13

Species : CZ (Cubic Zirconia)
Chemical Formula : ZrO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: None
Hardness:8.5 S.G.:5.80
Cleavage: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
402 (cm-1)

B14

Species : Cassiterite
Chemical Formula : SnO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:6 ~ 7 S.G.:7
Cleavage: Poor
R.I.: 2.00 ~ 2.10 D.R.: 0.100
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
438、473、632、693、777 (cm-1)

B15

Species : Charoite
Chemical Formula :
(K, Na)5(Ca,Ba,Sr)8Si18O46(OH)‧3H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5.5 S.G.:2.54 ~ 2.68
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.55 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
638、675、953、1050、1141 (cm-1)

B17

Species : Chrysocolla
Chemical Formula : (Cu,Al)2H2Si2O5(OH)4‧nH2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:2 ~ 4 S.G.:2.0 ~ 2.4
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.57 ~ 1.63 D.R.: 0.030
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
336、407、673 (cm-1)
Comment: Occasionally with paragenetic minerals, such as quartz and malachite.

C05

Species : Celestine
Chemical Formula : SrSO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfate
Hardness:3 ~ 3.5 S.G.:3.96 ~ 3.98
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.62 ~ 1.63 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
455、622、656、1000、1157 (cm-1)

C06-a

Species : Cerussite
Chemical Formula : PbCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3 ~ 3.5 S.G.:6.55
Cleavage: Prismatic
R.I.: 1.80 ~ 2.08 D.R.: 0.274
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
672、694、837、1054 (cm-1)

C06-b

C07

Species : Chrysocolla in chalcedony
Chemical Formula :
Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 ‧ nH2O
Identification Characteristics : Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、462、500 (cm-1)

C08

Species : Cinnabar
Chemical Formula : HgS
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfide
Hardness:2 ~ 2.5 S.G.:8.0 ~ 8.2
Cleavage: Perfect Prismatic
R.I.: 2.91 ~ 3.26 D.R.: 0.351
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
260、287、343(cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A14

Species : Diamond
Chemical Formula : C
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Simgle element
Hardness:10 S.G.:3.52
Cleavage: Octahedral
R.I.: 2.42 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
1331 (cm-1)

A15 - a

Species : Diopside
Chemical Formula : CaMgSi2O6
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6.5 S.G.:3.22 ~ 3.38
Cleavage: Good
R.I.: 1.66 ~ 1.72 D.R.: 0.029
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
313、346、381、659、1011 (cm-1)

A15 - b

B20 - a

Species : Danburite
Chemical Formula : CaB2(SiO4)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 S.G.:3
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.63 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.006
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
346、608、1083、1123、1230、1270、1423、1488 (cm-1)

B20 - b

B21

Species : Datolite
Chemical Formula : CaBSiO4(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5 ~ 5.5 S.G.:2.8 ~ 3.0
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.62 ~ 1.65 D.R.: 0.044
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
292、391、488、652、668、692、916、983、1075、1170 (cm-1)

B22

Species : Dioptase
Chemical Formula : CuSiO3 ‧ H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5 S.G.:3.28 ~ 3.35
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.67 ~ 1.72 D.R.: 0.053
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
314、347、554、658、1011、1038 (cm-1)

B23

Species : Dumortierite
Chemical Formula : Al7(BO3)(SiO4)3(O,OH)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 8.5 S.G.:3.3 ~ 3.4
Cleavage: Good
R.I.: 1.69 ~ 1.72 D.R.: 0.037
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
207、496、510 (cm-1)

C09

Species : Demantoid garnet
(Andradite garnet)
Chemical Formula : Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.85
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.85 ~ 1.89 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
309、349、368、491、514、 551、815
、842、874 (cm-1)

C10

Species : Diaspore
Chemical Formula : AlO(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Hydroxide
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7 S.G.:3.2 ~ 3.5
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.69 ~ 1.74 D.R.: 0.046
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
284、329、446、496、664、790、1193 (cm-1)

C11

Species : Dickite
Chemical Formula : Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:2 ~ 2.5 S.G.:2.60
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.56 ~ 1.60 D.R.: 0.04
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
264、332、431、459、745、792、 914(cm-1)

C12

Species : Dolomite
Chemical Formula : CaMg(CO3)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:2.85
Cleavage: Perfect Rhombic
R.I.: 1.50 ~ 1.68 D.R.: 0.179
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
299、725、1098 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 785 nm

A06 - d

Species :Emerald
Chemical Formula :Be3Al2Si6O18
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness: 7~8 S.G.:2.6~2.9
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.58~1.59 D.R.:0.008
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture : Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
322、395、 684、 1068 (cm-1)

A06 - e

A06 - f

A06 - g

A06 - h

A06 - i

A06 - j

A06 - k

A06 - l

A06 - m

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

B24 - a

Species : Enstatite
Chemical Formula : Mg2Si2O6
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 S.G.:3.27
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.66 ~ 1.67 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
341、399、418、443、662、684、1012、1031 (cm-1)

B24 - b

B25

Species : Epidote
Chemical Formula :
Ca2(Al ,Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 7 S.G.:3.35 ~ 3.50
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.74 ~ 1.78 D.R.: 0.035
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
273、423、453、504、563、597、 686、
885、914、1085 (cm-1)

B26 - a

Species : Euclase
Chemical Formula : BeAlSiO4(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7.5 S.G.:3.05 ~ 3.10
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.65 ~ 1.67 D.R.: 0.019
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
235、257、286、395、441、 572、 880、907、1021、1059(cm-1)

B26 - b

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A16

Species : Fluorite
Chemical Formula : CaF2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Halide
Hardness:4 S.G.:3.18
Cleavage: Octahedral
R.I.: 1.43 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
Characteristic Raman spectra: 321(cm-1)

Gemstone ID -532nm

C13-a

Species : Gypsum
Chemical Formula : CaSO4．2H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfate
Hardness:2 S.G.:2.32
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.52 ~ 1.53 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Splintery
Spectral Characteristics:
412、492、619、1009、1142(cm-1)

C13-b

C13-c

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A20 - a

Species : Hematite
Chemical Formula : Fe2O3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:5 ~ 6 S.G.:5.26
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 2.94 ~ 3.22 D.R.: 0.280
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Uneven to Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
225、245、295、410、501、610 (cm-1)

A20 - b

A21 - a

Species : Hydrogrossular Garnet
Chemical Formula :
Ca 3 Al 2 (SiO 4) 3-x (OH) 4x
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 S.G.:3.47
Cleavage: None R.I.: 1.72
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
369、409、543、644、693、822、876、931 (cm-1)

A21 - b

A21- c

A21 - d

B28 - a

Species : Hemimorphite
Chemical Formula : Zn4Si2O7(OH)2‧H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5 S.G.:3.4 ~ 3.5
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.61 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.022
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
329、398、450、675、931 (cm-1)

B28 - b

C16 - a

Species : Hibschite (Hydro grossularite)
Chemical Formula : Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 S.G.:3.06 ~ 3.25
Cleavage: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
369、413、479、545、646、693、824、877、930 (cm-1)

C16 - b

C16 - c

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A23 - a

Species : Iolite (Cordierite)
Chemical Formula : Mg2Al4Si5O18
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:2.53 ~ 2.78
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.53 ~ 1.55 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
256、293、426、554、575、670、972 (cm-1)

A23 - b

Gemstone ID - 532nm

C17 - a

Species: Jadeite-Jade
Chemical Formula : NaAlSi2O6
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 S.G.:3.33
Cleavage : Perfect
Crystal System: Monoclinic
R.I.:1.66~1.68 D.R.: 0.012
Fracture: Splintery
Spectral Characteristics:
324、372、430、699、989、1039 (cm-1)

C17 - b

C17 - c

C17 - d

C17 - e

C17 - f

C17 - g

C17 - h

C17 - i

C17 - j

C17 - k

C17 - l

C17 - m

C17 -n

C17 - o

C17 - p

C17 - q

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

B30 - a

Species : Kornerupine
Chemical Formula : Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 S.G.:3.2 ~ 3.3
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.67 ~ 1.68 D.R.: 0.013
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
320、341、421、443、483、617、 714、901、964、 977 (cm-1)

B30 - b

B31 - a

Species : Kyanite
Chemical Formula : Al2SiO5
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 7 S.G.:3.53 ~ 3.67
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.71 ~ 1.73 D.R.: 0.017
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
295、323、400、434、483、 952(cm-1)

B31 - b

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A27 - a

Species : Labradorite Feldspar
Chemical Formula : (Na,Ca)(Al,Si)4O8
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:2.69 ~ 2.72
Cleavage: Perfect
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
280、482、508、563 (cm-1)

A27 - b

A27 - c

B32 - a

Species : Lazulite
Chemical Formula : (Mg, Fe)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Phosphate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6 S.G.:3.1
Cleavage: Imperfect~ Good Prismatic
R.I.: 1.61 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.031
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Splintery
Spectral Characteristics:
411、476、645、1059、1011、 1136(cm-1)

B32 - b

B32 - c

B33 - a

Species : Leucite
Chemical Formula : KAlSi2O6
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6.0 S.G.:2.5
Cleavage: Poor
R.I.: 1.51 D.R.: 0.001
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
496、526 (cm-1)

B33 - b

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A29 - a

Species : Malachite
Chemical Formula : Cu2CO3(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:4
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.85 (Average) D.R.: 0.025
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
156、173、182、225、261、271、355
435、720 (cm-1)

A29 - b

A30

Species : Microcline Feldspar
Chemical Formula : KAlSi3O8
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:2.55 ~ 2.63
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.52 ~ 1.53 D.R.: 0.008
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
157、284、257、267、453、475、512 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

B35 - a

Species : Natrolite
Chemical Formula : Na2Al2Si3O10‧2H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5 ~ 5.5 S.G.:2.20 ~ 2.26
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.48 ~ 1.49 D.R.: 0.012
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
160、206、306、440、531(cm-1)

B35 - b

C17 - N(a)

Species : Nephrite jade(tremolite)
Chemical Formula : Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5 ~ 6 S.G.:2.9 ~ 3.2
Cleavage: Good
R.I.: 1.61 ~ 1.63 D.R.: 0.027
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
367、391、412、672、930、1028、1058
(cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A33

Species : Oligoclase Feldspar
Chemical Formula : (Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:2.64 ~ 2.68
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: 0.007
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
287、479、508 (cm-1)

A35 - a

Species : Orthoclase Feldspar
Chemical Formula : KAlSi3O8
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 S.G.:2.55 ~ 2.63
Cleavage: Perfect
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
282、470、511、1087 (cm-1)

A35 - b

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A39 - a

Species : Pyrope Garnet
Chemical Formula : Fe3Al2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.72 ~ 1.76 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
353、557、861、919、1168、1347 (cm-1)

A39 - b

A39 - c

A39 - d

B36 - a

Species : Pectolite
Chemical Formula : NaCa2Si3O8(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5 S.G.:2.74 ~ 2.88
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.60 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.032
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
317、355、375、413、650、686、 973、1003、1025(cm-1)

B36 - b

B37

Species : Petalite
Chemical Formula : LiAlSi4O10
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:2.3 ~ 2.5
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.50 ~ 1.51 D.R.: 0.014
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
281、317、356、381、466、489、 792、 1133(cm-1)

B38 - a

Species : Phenakite
Chemical Formula : Be2SiO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7.5 ~ 8 S.G.:2.93 ~ 3.00
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.65 ~ 1.67 D.R.: 0.015
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
161、221、383、444、524、878、916、949、1019(cm-1)

B38 - b

B38 - c

B41

Species : Prehnite
Chemical Formula : Ca2Al2Si3O10(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:2.90 ~ 2.95
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.61 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.016
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
316、386、519、607、947、 1080 (cm-1)

B43

Species : Pyrite
Chemical Formula : FeS2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfide
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:5
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: None D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
341、377 (cm-1)

C19

Species : Pyrophylite
Chemical Formula : Al2(Si4O10)(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:1 ~ 2 S.G.:2.65 ~ 2.81
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.60 D.R.: 0.045
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
264、358、435、468、706、813、840、920、959、1049、1070 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A40

Species : Quartz
Chemical Formula : SiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
260、353、463、809 (cm-1)

C20

Species : Quartzite
Chemical Formula : SiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 S.G.:2.65
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.55 D.R.: 0.009
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
260、353、463、809 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A41

Species : Rhodochrosite
Chemical Formula : MnCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:3.7
Cleavage: Perfect Rhombic
R.I.: 1.60 ~ 1.80 D.R.: 0.220
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
184、287、718、1086 (cm-1)

A42

Species : Rhodolite Garnet
Chemical Formula : (Fe, Mg)3Al2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7 S.G.:3.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.72 ~ 1.94 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Comment:
Rhodolite is pyrope-almandite garnet..

A43

Species : Rhodonite
Chemical Formula : (Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg,Ca)SiO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6.5 S.G.:3.57 ~ 3.76
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.71 ~ 1.73 D.R.: 0.014
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
326、416、667、973、998、1293 (cm-1)

C21 - a

Species : Rutile
Chemical Formula : TiO2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:6 ~ 6.5 S.G.:4.23
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 2.62 ~ 2.90 D.R.: 0.287
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
289、441、610(cm-1)

C21 - b

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A44 - a

Species : Serpentine (Antigorite)
Chemical Formula : (Mg, Fe)3Si2O5(OH)4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:2.5 ~ 3.5 S.G.:2.61
Cleavage: Perfect Basal
R.I.: 1.55 ~ 1.56 D.R.: 0.001
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Splintery
Spectral Characteristics:
360、375、675、1050 (cm-1)

A44 - b

A46

Species : Sodalite
Chemical Formula : Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6 S.G.:2.14 ~ 2.40
Cleavage: Poor
R.I.: 1.50 (Average) D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
262、292、463、986、1059 (cm-1)

A47

Species : Spessartine Garnet
Chemical Formula : Mn3Al2(SiO4)3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 S.G.:4.16
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.79 ~ 1.81 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
315、345、370、550、849、 907、1029 (cm-1)

A48 - a

Species : Spinel
Chemical Formula : MgAl2O4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Oxide
Hardness:7.5 ~ 8 S.G.:3.60
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.71 ~ 1.73 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
307、404、663、765 (cm-1)

A48 - b

A49

Species : Spodumene
Chemical Formula : LiAlSi2O6
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.0 ~ 3.2
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.66 ~ 1.67 D.R.: 0.015
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
292、352、390、439、521、585、706、1073 (cm-1)

B45

Species : Scapolite
Chemical Formula : (Na,Ca)4Al3Si9O24Cl
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6 S.G.:2.50 ~ 2.78
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.54 ~ 1.58 D.R.: 0.020
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
260、294、359、419、459、534、768 (cm-1)

B46 - a

Species : Scheelite
Chemical Formula : CaWO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Tungstate
Hardness:4.5 ~ 5 S.G.:5.9 ~ 6.1
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.92 ~ 1.93 D.R.: 0.017
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
331、398、796、836、911(cm-1)

B46 - b

B48

Species : Sillimanite
Chemical Formula : Al2SiO5
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.23 ~ 3.27
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.66 ~ 1.68 D.R.: 0.019
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
308、420、455、483、539、595、962、1128(cm-1)

B49

Species : Sinhalite
Chemical Formula : MgAlBO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Borate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7 S.G.:3.48
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.67 ~ 1.71 D.R.: 0.038
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
373、411、481、605、708、742、860、1045(cm-1)

B50

Species : Smithsonite
Chemical Formula : ZnCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:4 ~ 5 S.G.:4.3 ~ 4.45
Cleavage: Perfect Rhombic
R.I.: 1.62 ~ 1.85 D.R.: 0.230
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
194、304、730、1092(cm-1)

B51

Species : Sphalerite
Chemical Formula : ZnS
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Sulfide
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4 S.G.:3.9 ~ 4.1
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 2.36 ~ 2.37 D.R.: None
Crystal System: Isometric
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
349、396、421、669(cm-1)

B52

Species : Sphene
Chemical Formula : CaTiSiO5
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5 ~ 5.5 S.G.:3.45 ~ 3.55
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.84 ~ 2.03 D.R.: 0.120
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
315、332、422、466、545、610、855(cm-1)

B53 - a

Species : Staurolite
Chemical Formula :
(Fe, Mg, Zn)2Al9(Si, Al)4O22(OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.65 ~ 3.83
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.74 ~ 1.75 D.R.: 0.013
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Uneven to Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
303、443、936(cm-1)

B53 - b

B55

Species : Sugilite
Chemical Formula : KNa2(Fe,Mn,Al)2Li3Si12O30
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 ~ 6.5 S.G.:2.7 ~ 2.8
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 1.60 D.R.: 0.003
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
277、333、444、1004、1137(cm-1)

C22

Species : Siderite
Chemical Formula : FeCO3
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Carbonate
Hardness:4 S.G.:3.96
Cleavage: Perfect Rhombic
R.I.: 1.51 ~ 1.70 D.R.: 0.39
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
288、486、726、1087(cm-1)

C23

Species : Sapphirine
Chemical Formula :
(Mg,Al)8(Al,Si)6O20
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7.5 S.G.:3.40 ~ 3.50
Cleavage: Poor
R.I.: 1.70 ~ 1.73 D.R.: 0.033
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal、Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
468、497、565、588、685、912(cm-1)

C24

Species : Syn. moissanite
Chemical Formula : SiC
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: None
Hardness:9.5 S.G.:3.96
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 2.65 ~ 2.69 D.R.: 0.043
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
765、787、966(cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A55 - a

Species : Topaz
Chemical Formula : Al2SiO4(F,OH)2
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:8 S.G.:3.49 ~ 3.57
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.62 ~ 1.63 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Subconchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
294、325、353、391、416、441、 520、585、706、977、1019、1072 (cm-1)

A55 - b

A55 - c

A57 - a

Species : Tourmaline
Chemical Formula : Na(Mg,Fe,Li,Mn,Al)3Al6Si6O18(BO3)3(OH,F)4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7 ~ 7.5 S.G.:3.0 ~ 3.2
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.62 ~ 1.64 D.R.: 0.018
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
370、405、507、634、704、751、 1058、
1087 (cm-1)

A57 - b

A57 - c

A57 - d

A57 - e

A57 - f

A57 - g

A57 - h

A57 - i

A58 - a

Species : Turquoise
Chemical Formula : CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8‧4H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Phosphate
Hardness:5 ~ 6 S.G.:2.6 ~ 2.8
Cleavage: Good
R.I.: 1.61 ~ 1.65 D.R.: 0.040
Crystal System: Triclinic
Fracture: Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
330、418、641、816、1040 (cm-1)

A58 - b

A58 - c

B58

Species : Tugtupite
Chemical Formula : Na4AlBeSi4O12Cl
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:4 S.G.:2.36
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.49 ~ 1.50 D.R.: 0.006
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
269、288、324、388、439、 461、509、554、630、1051、1129 (cm-1)

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

B60 - a

Species : Variscite
Chemical Formula : Al(PO4)‧2H2O
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Phosphate
Hardness:3.5 ~ 4.5 S.G.:2.6 ~ 2.9
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.56 ~ 1.59 D.R.: 0.031
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Conchoidal to Splintery
Spectral Characteristics:
227、417、436、1027、1077(cm-1)

B60 - b

C25 - a

Species : Vanadinite
Chemical Formula : Pb5(VO4)3Cl
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Vanadate
Hardness:3 S.G.:6.88
Cleavage: None
R.I.: 2.35 ~ 2.42 D.R.: 0.066
Crystal System: Hexagonal
Fracture: Conchoidal to Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
288、319、361、790、825 (cm-1)

C25 - b

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

B61

Species : Willemite
Chemical Formula : Zn2SiO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:5.5 S.G.:3.89 ~ 4.19
Cleavage: Basal
R.I.: 1.69 ~ 1.72 D.R.: 0.028
Crystal System: Trigonal
Fracture: Uneven
Spectral Characteristics:
869、907(cm-1)

B62 - a

Species : Wulfenite
Chemical Formula : PbMoO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Molybdate
Hardness:2.5 ~ 3 S.G.:6.5 ~ 7.0
Cleavage: Perfect Pyramidal
R.I.: 2.28 ~ 2.41 D.R.: 0.122
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Subconchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
316、349、744、767、869(cm-1)

B62 - b

Gemstone ID - 532 nm

A60 - a

Species : Zircon
Chemical Formula : ZrSiO4
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:7.5 S.G.:4.6 ~ 4.7
Cleavage: Imperfect
R.I.: 1.93 ~ 1.98 D.R.: 0.059
Crystal System: Tetragonal
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
355、437、973、1007、1260、1382 (cm-1)

A60 - b

A60 - c

A61 - a

Species : Zoisite
Chemical Formula : Ca2Al3(SiO4)3(OH)
Identification Characteristics :
Classification: Silicate
Hardness:6.5 ~ 7 S.G.:3.55
Cleavage: Perfect
R.I.: 1.69 ~ 1.70 D.R.: 0.010
Crystal System: Orthorhombic
Fracture: Uneven to Conchoidal
Spectral Characteristics:
337、395、493、573、678、873、927、983、1073、1093 (cm-1)